The Vertical Block Exemption Regulations exempt certain supply and distribution agreements fromArticle 101(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (“TFEU”). In May 2022, the European Commission adopted a new Vertical Block Exemption Regulation (“VBER”) accompanied by new Vertical Guidelines, following a thorough evaluation and review of the 2010 rules. “The revised rules provide businesses with simpler, clearer and up-to-date rules and guidance. The new rules will help them to assess the compatibility of their supply and distribution agreements with EU competition rules in a business environment reshaped by the growth of e-commerce and online sales,” according to the Commission. The revised VBER and Vertical Guidelines went into effect on June 1, 2022.
The VBER exempts from the prohibition in Article 101(1) of the TFEU agreements between companies that are active at different levels of the production or distribution chain, subject to conditions. The rules thus provide for a safe harbor where certain agreements are block exempted. The main changes to the previous rules focus on adjusting the safe harbor to ensure that it is neither too generous nor too narrow. In particular, the new rules …
Narrow the scope of the safe harbor as regards: (i) dual distribution, that is, where a supplier sells its goods or services through independent distributors but also directly to end customers, and (ii) parity obligations, that is, obligations which require a seller to offer the same or better conditions to its counter-party as those offered on third-party sales channels, such as other platforms, and/or on the seller’s direct sales channels, like its website. This means that certain aspects of dual distribution and certain types of parity obligations will no longer be exempted under the new VBER but must instead be assessed individually under Article 101 TFEU.
Enlarge the scope of the safe harbor as regards: (i) certain restrictions of a buyer’s ability to actively approach individual customers (i.e. active sales); and (ii) certain practices relating to online sales, namely the ability to charge the same distributor different wholesale prices for products to be sold online and offline and the ability to impose different criteria for online and offline sales in selective distribution systems. These restrictions are now exempted under the new VBER, provided all other conditions for the exemption are met.
The revised VBER rules have also been clarified and simplified, to make them more accessible to those who use them in their day-to-day business. In particular, the VBER rules have been updated as regards the assessment ofonline restrictions, vertical agreements in the platform economy and agreements that pursue sustainability objectives, among other areas. In addition, the guidelines provide detailed guidance on a number of topics, such as selective and exclusive distribution and agency agreements.